基于均方差法的郑州市土地综合承载力评价

［目的］开展土地综合承载力评价是科学编制国土空间发展战略的基础。通过构建包含水土资源承载力、经济承载力和生态承载力3个维度土地综合承载力评价指标体系，定量刻画郑州市城市土地综合承载力的特征与轨迹。［方法］运用均方差法，选取2010—2016年郑州市城市土地综合承载力评价指标，分析其土地综合承载力特征。［结果］（1）总体上，郑州市城市土地综合承载力不断增强，水土资源承载力呈现先升—降—升的动态演变特征； 经济承载力持续增长，这源于郑州市土地经济效益的大幅提升； 生态承载力呈现波动性增强的演变特征。（2）郑州市城市土地综合承载力经历了较低—中等—较高发展历程，但土地综合承载力处于低层次的较高阶段，仍有较大提升空间。（3）为提高郑州市城市土地综合承载力，应加快“多规合一”规划的编制，科学划定城市增长边界和“三生”空间，转变城市发展理念，优化发展发展路径，提升城市土地综合承载力水平。［结论］郑州市城市土地综合承载力仍有较大提升空间，应加快建立土地综合承载力扩容的有效机制。     

Influence of livelihoods on climate change adaptation for smallholder farmers in the Mekong Delta Vietnam

Farmers in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta face a wide range of climate-related and hydrological factors which threaten rice production. Smallholder farmers must adapt to climate change to sustain rice production as their central and most important livelihood activity. A sample was stratified across agro-ecological areas in the Delta affected by flooding, alluvial soils, acid sulphate soils, and saline water intrusion and by derived farmer typologies. A rural livelihoods approach was used in focus group discussions and in-depth interviews to identify and enumerate enabling and constraining adaptation factors. Smallholders experienced diverse natural hazards such as floods, abnormal rains, high temperatures, water scarcity, and salinity intrusion specific to the agro-ecological areas. Adaptation was constrained by labour shortages, water quality, topography, access to combine harvesters, transportation infrastructure, dryers and household savings. Adaptation was enabled by farming techniques and experience, cooperative groups, water quantity, access to information, and ability to purchase agro-chemicals through credit. Small farmers (< 1?ha) were more constrained than large farmers (> 1?ha) who had an expanded livelihood asset base. A range of policy implications are discussed, but adaptation is not just about technological fixes but requires overall improvements in a range of human, social and financial components.     

基于经济新常态的长春市水资源开发利用潜力评价

以长春市为研究对象,基于未来经济处于新常态的发展态势,构建包含水资源、社会、经济、生态环境4个子系统的评价指标体系,并确定各指标的评价等级标准;基于模糊数学理论以及层次分析法构建包括目标层、准则层、指标层的3层模糊综合评价模型,以2015年为现状水平年,应用模型对长春市水资源开发利用潜力进行综合评价。结果表明:长春市水资源开发利用程度处于中等偏上水平,各辖区水资源开发利用规模不平衡,可通过产业结构调整提高全市用水效率,为经济持续增长提供保障。     

我国粮食产后损失情况概述

本文系统分析了粮食产后各环节损失的原因及损失量,针对相关粮食损失原因及状况,提出了减少粮食产后损失的措施及建议,以期为我国实现节粮减损提供支持。     

铬渣的无害化处理和综合利用

铬渣产量大、毒性剧烈,是严重污染生态环境和危害人类健康的危险废物.本文介绍了铬渣各种无害化处理方法的解毒机理、工艺过程和应用实践,阐述了对铬渣进行综合利用的途径,并就铬渣的防治措施提出了建议.     

深化乡镇综合改革难点研究

乡镇机构人员膨胀是当前农民负担过重的主要原因之一。而20多年来乡镇机构减而复胀且日益严重,成为改革的难点。乡镇职能错位、各类机构关系不顺、社会改革不配套,还有行政机构中客观存在的“帕金森定律”,是乡镇机构改革难点形成的深层原因。深化乡镇综合改革的远期目标是实现乡镇自治,而近期目标则是以转变职能为核心,调整政府管理体制;实现乡镇机构的功能整合;同时可以实行政府职能“外包”;还要加强机构编制的法治管理。     

一类有向网络的容量扩张问题研究

将网络容量定义为最大流的流量。针对网络容量的三种扩张方式：点扩张、弧扩张、点扩张和弧扩张相结合,分别建立数学模型,提供算法;在分开讨论的基础上,还提出了统一的容量扩张模型;最后提供了一个具体算例。     

中国省域全面发展竞争力评价研究

文章在简要文献回顾基础上,提出了经济发展、环境发展、社会发展三位一体的全面发展竞争力概念与模型.通过指标体系及权重的设计,以全国31个省城为对象进行了比较评价与分析.     

Tourism as an alternative source of regional growth in Portugal: a panel data analysis at NUTS II and III levels

The role of tourism is of vital economic importance, particularly for small countries with a privileged geographical location and favourable weather conditions. This paper examines the importance of tourism as a conditioning factor for higher regional growth in Portugal by employing the conditional convergence hypothesis of Barro and Sala-i-Martin, associated with the endogenous growth theory. The panel data estimation approach provides evidence of the positive impact of tourism (through the accommodation capacity) on the growth in per-capita income among the Portuguese regions, increasing the rate of convergence. Therefore, tourism can be considered as an alternative source for stimulating higher regional growth in Portugal, if the supply characteristics of this sector are improved.     

论青少年犯罪动向及对策

近几年,青少年犯罪案件呈突发性、偶发性,犯罪年龄降低,由单独型向团伙型发展的特点.其原因有家庭因素、学校因素、社会因素.预防和惩治青少年犯罪,需要全社会广泛参与,综合治理.